KIIP 3: Unit 8–Essential Words and Phrases About Food and Cooking

 Welcome to KIIP Level 3: Unit 8 about Food and Cooking! In this lesson, we'll learn vocabulary and grammar related to Korean cooking and food preparation. You'll be able to describe cooking processes, understand recipes, and talk about food experiences in various situations.

This unit introduces a key grammar pattern: -이/히/리/기/우/추- causative verbs - Used to indicate making/letting/causing someone do something

 

KIIP 3 Unit 8 Food and Cooking

Essential Vocabulary & Phrases

 

Seasonings & Ingredients (양념과 재료)

Korean	English
양념	Seasoning
고추장	Gochujang (red pepper paste)
간장	Soy sauce
된장	Doenjang (soybean paste)
참기름	Sesame oil
식초	Vinegar
고춧가루	Red pepper powder
깨	Sesame seeds
후추	Pepper

 

Cooking Actions (요리 동작)

Korean	English
당근을 씻다	Wash carrots
양파 껍질을 벗기다	Peel onions
감자를 칼로 썰다	Cut potatoes with knife
마늘을 다지다	Chop garlic
물을 끓이다	Boil water
기름에 튀기다	Fry in oil
만두를 찌다	Steam dumplings
계란을 삶다	Boil eggs
계란을 부치다	Fry eggs
밥을 볶다	Stir-fry rice
나물을 무치다	Pickle vegetables
고기를 굽다	Grill meat
시금치를 데치다	Blanch spinach

 

Preparation Techniques (준비 방법)

Korean	English
뿌리다	To sprinkle
소스를 뿌리다	Sprinkle sauce
후추를 뿌리다	Sprinkle pepper
깨를 뿌리다	Sprinkle sesame seeds
썰다	To slice
채를 썰다	Slice vegetables
얇게 썰다	Slice thinly
깍둑썰다	Cut into cubes
절이다	To pickle
양념에 절이다	Pickle in seasoning
소금에 절이다	pickle in salt
식초에 절이다	Pickle in vinegar
담다	To put in
통에 담다	Put in container
접시에 담다	Put on plate
그릇에 담다	Put in bowl
맞추다	To adjust
간을 맞추다	Adjust seasoning
양을 맞추다	Adjust amount
시간을 맞추다	Adjust time

 

Additional Terms (추가 용어)

Korean	English
토끼	Rabbit
유모차	Stroller
냉동실	Freezer
죽	Porridge
익다	To be cooked
믹서기	Blender
환자	Patient
이유식	Baby food
뷔페	Buffet
군침이 돌다	Mouthwatering
부침 가루	Pancake mix
부치다	To pan-fry
식용유를 두르다	To put cooking oil in

 

Grammar Notes & Examples

 

1. -이/히/리/기/우/추- Causative Verbs (1)

Used to indicate making/letting/causing/doing something for someone

 

Conjugation Rules:

-이- causative:

• 먹다 (to eat) → 먹이다 (to feed)
• 보다 (to see) → 보이다 (to show)

-히- causative:

• 입다 (to wear) → 입히다 (to dress)
• 읽다 (to read) → 읽히다 (let someone read)

-리- causative:

• 살다 (to live) → 살리다 (to save)
• 날다 (to fly) → 날리다 (make something fly)

-기- causative:

• 신다 (to wear)→ 신기다 (to put on for someone)
• 벗다 (to take off)→ 벗기다 (to take off for someone)

-우- causative:

• 타다 (to ride) → 태우다 (have someone ride)
• 쓰다 (to wear) → 씌우다 (to put something on)

-추- causative:

• 맞다 (to fit) → 맞추다 (to match)

 

Examples:

1.     우리 아이는 채소를 잘 안 먹어서 걱정이에요.
(I'm worried because my child doesn't eat vegetables well.)

o   그래서 저는 채소로 볶음밥을 만들어서 아이한테 먹여요.
(So I make fried rice with vegetables and feed my child.)

2.     아기랑 같이 산책하러 갈까요?
(Shall we take the baby for a walk?)

o   네, 날씨가 좀 추우니까 옷을 따뜻하게 입히세요.
(Yes, it's chilly so dress the baby warmly.)

3.     겨울 코트 세탁은 세탁소에 맡기세요.
(Have your winter coat cleaned at the dry cleaners.)

4.     저는 아이를 자동차 뒤자리에 태워요.
(I put my child in the back seat of the car.)

5.     성민은 토끼한테 당근을 먹이고 있어요.
(Seongmin is feeding carrots to the rabbit.)

 

2. -이/히/리/기/우/추- Causative Verbs (2)

Additional causative verb forms

 

Conjugation Rules:

-이- causative:

• 끓다 (something boils)→ 끓이다 (to boil something)
• 줄다 (something reduces) → 줄이다 (to reduce something)

-히- causative:

• 넓다 (to be wide) → 넓히다 (to widen)

-리- causative:

• 울다 (someone cries) → 울리다 (to make someone cry)
• 얼다 (something freezes) → 얼리다 (to freeze something)

-기- causative:

• 남다 (to remain) → 남기다 (to leave something)
• 씻다 (to wash) → 씻기다 (to wash for someone)

-우- causative:

• 깨다 (to wake up) → 깨우다 (wake someone up)

-추- causative:

• 낮다 (to be low) → 낮추다 (lower something)

 

Examples:

1.     지금 차를 마시려고 하는데 같이 마실래요?
(I'm about to drink tea - want to join?)

o   그럼 제가 물을 끓일게요.
(Then I'll boil water.)

2.     남은 고기는 어떻게 할까요?
(What should we do with leftover meat?)

o   냉동실에 넣어서 얼리세요.
(Put it in the freezer to freeze.)

3.     음악 소리가 너무 크니까 소리를 좀 줄여 주시겠어요?
(The music is too loud - could you reduce it?)

4.     음식이 맛있어서 남기지 않고 다 먹었어요.
(The food was delicious so I ate it all without leaving any.)

5.     제이슨 씨가 양파 껍질을 벗겨요.
(Jason is peeling the onion skins.)

6.     후엔 씨가 아이를 깨워요.
(Huyen wakes up the child.)

 

Additional Resources:
For more causative verbs and examples, please visit: Korean Topik Causative Verbs Guide

 

Speaking Practice

Click to listen to the audio and try to repeat speaking.

후엔: 제가 요즘 속이 좋지 않아 밥을 못 먹는데 어떤 음식을 만들어 먹으면 좋을까요?
(Huyen: I have an upset stomach and can't eat well - what food should I make?)

고천: 소화가 잘 되는 야채죽은 어때요? 요리하기도 아주 쉬워요.
(Gocheon: How about vegetable porridge? It's easy to digest and very simple to make.)

후엔: 어떻게 만들어요? 좀 가르쳐 주세요.
(Huyen: How do you make it? Please teach me.)

고천: 먼저 밥에 물을 넣고 끓인 다음 채소를 썰어 넣고 끓여요.
(Gocheon: First boil rice with water, then add chopped vegetables and keep boiling.)

후엔: 얼마나요?
(Huyen: How long?)

고천: 큰 채소가 익을 때까지 끓이면 돼요. 오래 걸리지 않아요. 간단해요.
(Gocheon: Just until the big vegetables cook through. It won't take long - very simple.)

후엔: 우와! 생각보다 어렵지 않네요. 집에서 만들어 먹어야겠어요.
(Huyen: Wow! Easier than I thought. I'll try making it at home.)

고천: 그래요. 만들다가 모르는 게 있으면 언제든지 저한테 물어보세요.
(Gocheon: Sure. Ask me anytime if you have questions while making it.)

Reading Comprehension

(1) 김치전 (Kimchi Pancake)

재료 (Ingredients):

김치, 양파, 참기름, 설탕, 부침가루
(Kimchi, onion, sesame oil, sugar, pancake mix)

방법 (Instructions):

① 김치와 양파는 얇게 썰어 준비하세요.
(Thinly slice kimchi and onion)

② 준비된 재료의 양에 맞춰 부침가루 2컵에 물 1컵을 넣어 잘 섞어 주세요.
(Mix 2 cups pancake mix with 1 cup water according to ingredient amount)

③ 프라이팬에 부치고 접시에 예쁘게 담으세요.
(Fry it in a frying pan and arrange it nicely on a plate.)

 

(2) 비빔국수 (Spicy Mixed Noodles)

재료 (Ingredients):

고추장, 사과 식초, 다진 마늘, 참기름, 고춧가루, 비빔국수면
(Gochujang, apple vinegar, minced garlic, sesame oil, red pepper powder, noodles)

 

방법 (Instructions):

① 국수를 4분 정도 삶고 물을 빼세요.
(Boil noodles for 4 minutes and drain)

② 국수에 상추, 깻잎을 채 썰어 넣고 양념 재료를 넣고 비비세요.
(Add sliced lettuce and perilla leaves to the noodles, then add seasoning ingredients and mix.)

③ 완성되면 그릇에 담고 삶은 계란을 잘라 위에 놓으세요.
(When done, place in a bowl and top with cut boiled eggs.)

 

(3) 김치볶음밥 (Kimchi Fried Rice)

둘이 먹다가 하나가 죽어도 모르는 '김치볶음밥!'

오늘 반찬이 없나요? 걱정하지 마세요. 누구나 좋아하는 '김치볶음밥'을 만들어 봅시다.

재료 (Ingredients):

김치, 밥, 계란, 양파, 당근, 돼지고기, 식용유, 고춧가루, 설탕, 간장, 참기름, 깨
(※ 집에 있는 재료만 넣어도 됩니다.)

 

Kimchi Fried Rice - So delicious you wouldn't notice if one of you died while eating!

No side dishes today? Don't worry! Let's make everyone's favorite - kimchi fried rice!

(Kimchi, cooked rice, egg, onion, carrot, pork, cooking oil, red pepper powder, sugar, soy sauce, sesame oil, sesame seeds)

(※ You can just use whatever ingredients you have at home)

 

방법 (Instructions):

① 양파, 당근은 작게 깍둑썰기를 한다.

(Dice the onion and carrot into small cubes)

② 채소의 양에 맞춘 김치는 먹기 좋은 크기로 썬다.

(Chop the kimchi into bite-sized pieces matching the amount of vegetables)

③ 프라이팬에 식용유를 두르고 돼지고기를 먼저 볶는다.

(Put cooking oil in a pan and stir-fry the pork first)

④ 돼지고기를 볶은 후 양파, 당근을 넣고 볶는다.

(After the pork is cooked, add the onion and carrot and stir-fry)

⑤ 양념(설탕, 간장, 고춧가루)을 넣고 볶다가 김치를 볶는다.

(Add seasonings (sugar, soy sauce, red pepper powder) and stir-fry, then add the kimchi)

⑥ 2~3분 뒤 밥을 넣고 볶으면서 간을 맞춘다.

(After 2-3 minutes, add the rice and stir-fry while adjusting seasoning to taste)

⑦ 완성된 볶음밥을 접시에 담고 계란프라이를 부쳐서 밥 위에 올린다.

(Place the finished fried rice on a plate and top the rice with a fried egg.)

⑧ 참기름, 깨를 뿌린다.

(Drizzle with sesame oil and sprinkle sesame seeds)

⑨ 맛있는 볶음밥 완성!

(Delicious kimchi fried rice is ready!)

 

Quiz

Translate into Korean using the grammar and vocabulary from this lesson:

1.     "My mom told me to add sesame oil at the end."

2.     "I make my child eat vegetables by putting them in porridge."

3.     "Could you wake me up at 7am tomorrow?"

4.     "Ramin boils water.”

 

Answers:

1.     엄마가 마지막에 참기름을 넣으라고 했어요.

2.     아이한테 채소를 죽에 넣어 먹여요.

3.     내일 아침 7시에 깨워 주시겠어요?

4.     라민 씨가 물을 끓여요.

Conclusion

In this lesson, we learned to:
• Follow Korean cooking instructions using causative verbs
• Prepare three popular kimchi dishes
• Adjust seasoning and cooking methods
• Describe food preparation processes

Practice these recipes to enjoy authentic Korean flavors at home! 🍳🔥